Power factor measures the relationship between active and reactive power and thus shows the phase angle/load distribution in the power grid. Introduction to Power Factor and Harmonics Introducing an electronic power supply into the installation adds complexity and as LED ballast is essentially an AC/DC power supply, it has to meet the all the EMC Directives including the power factor and harmonics regulations for the operation of mains-powered electrical devicesn. Besides a more sophisticated thermal management and appropriate photometric interface, an electronic LED ballast or driver is almost always necessary to power the LEDs (the few direct AC operation LED lights suffer from a very non-linear dimming curve which makes it impractical to dim them successfully, so they will be ignored here) Installing an LED is much more complicated. The installation is so simple because the socket sizes are all standardized and incandescent bulbs are non-electronic, purely resistive loads that have unity power factor and will work with almost any dimmer or switch combination. The successful installation of a dimmed incandescent bulb requires only a dimmable mains power connection and a light socket. For a better understanding of this topic it is necessary to get to know the differences between a traditional incandescent light bulb and an LED dimmed lighting system. However, what was and still is self-evident for conventional incandescent bulbs creates new challenges when using more modern lighting solutions like LEDs, especially over issues such as compatibility and EMI performance. The most common dimming method is the TRIAC or phase angle dimmer which is a mature, well-proven technology.
Most workplaces use controllable light levels to increase productivity, increase safety or to save electricity costs, and almost every household has a wall dimmer. For this reason dimmable lighting has become one of the mainstays of daily life. We need much more light to read or work than in the evening when having an atmospheric dinner, for example. Light is a human necessity and depending on our needs and mood we require different levels of illumination.
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